ئوروکاگینا و زمانی چاکسازی و یاسایی سەرەتایی

Abstract

Iri-kagina, the last king of the first dynasty of Lagash, is considered one of the most powerful Sumerian rulers during the Early Dynastic IIIb or Pre-Sargonic Period  (2500–2350 BCE) in southern Mesopotamia, He is also recognized as the author of the earliest known text on economic and social reform, regarded as one of the oldest examples of legal and social regulations in history, Records of his reforms appear in five different versions ,varying in content and historical context, preserved on around ten inscriptions—mostly on clay cones or oval-shaped clay tablets, In terms of information they all  complement each other, Irikagina worked to restore freedom to citizens who had suffered various forms of oppression and injustice, returning radical reforms in the structure of the state and society . his reform text contains the earliest known written use of the Sumerian word (ama-gi)“Freedom” referring to the liberation of citizens from unjust burdens ,this made him an early symbol of social justice and civil reform in history.